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2008 Tanana Valley flood
The 2008 Tanana Valley flood or the 2008 Fairbanks flood was a flood in late July and early August 2008 that affected several rivers in the central portion of the American state of Alaska. The city of Fairbanks, Alaska saw high water levels, while the towns of Nenana, Salcha, and Old Minto received heavy damage. The Salcha River and Tanana River reached their second-highest levels since record-keeping began (the highest was during the 1967 Tanana Valley Flood), while the Chena River, which bisects Fairbanks, was kept below flood stage by the use of the Chena River Lakes Flood Control Project.
Several hundred homes were inundated by the flood in Fairbanks, Salcha, unincorporated Fairbanks North Star Borough, Nenana, and smaller villages, but due to early warnings from the National Weather Service, volunteer fire departments, and the borough's emergency contact system, no one was injured. The area affected by the flood was declared a state disaster area, making residents whose homes were flooded eligible for state aid. The long-term effects of the flood, including its effect on the salmon spawning season, are as yet unknown.
== Background ==
The summer of 2008 was an unusually wet one for central Alaska. In June, the National Weather Service recorded of precipitation at the Fairbanks International Airport—the most in that month since June 1994, and above average.〔Shulski, Martha. "June was a cool, wet month for most Alaskans," Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. July 20, 2008. Accessed August 2, 2008.〕 By July 27, 1.47 inches of rain had fallen in July. This was slightly below the average for the month at that time (1.49 inches), but the year-to-date rainfall total was still one and two-thirds inches above normal.〔(National Weather Service Observed Climate Reports: July 27. ) The National Weather Service, Accessed August 2, 2008.〕 The next day, July 28, 1.14 inches of rain fell in Fairbanks, setting a single-day Fairbanks rainfall total for that date,〔(National Weather Service Observed Climate Reports: July 28. ) The National Weather Service, Accessed August 2, 2008.〕 with heavier amounts measured east of the town.〔〔 Scattered locations between Salcha and Delta Junction received up to four inches of precipitation. On the 29th, another 0.77 inches of rain fell in Fairbanks—another record for the date—and again, locations outside of the town received greater amounts.〔(National Weather Service Observed Climate Reports: July 29. ) The National Weather Service, Accessed August 2, 2008.〕 Just 0.14 inches of rain fell on the 30th, but on the 31st, 0.6 inches fell. This amount was not a record for the date, but it brought the overall rainfall total in Fairbanks for the month of July to 4.12 inches—more than double the normal average of of rain.〔(National Weather Service Observed Climate Reports: July 31. ) The National Weather Service, Accessed August 2, 2008.〕 At Eielson Air Force Base, which lies to the southwest of Fairbanks, 7.30 inches of rain were recorded as having fallen in July, making it the rainiest July ever recorded and the second-rainiest month ever recorded at the base.〔 Though more rain fell on August 1 and afterward,〔(Alaska Climate: August 2008 ) The National Weather Service, Fairbanks, Alaska. Accessed August 3, 2008.〕 the Tanana, Salcha, and Chena rivers had already crested.〔See graph.〕
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